Digitizing Faust

Carl Shank • July 11, 2025

Charles Ayers Faust (b. 1860) was an American calligrapher and typographic designer known primarily for his 1912 compendium Faust’s 75 New Alphabets, a richly illustrated manual of lettering techniques. Published in Chicago by the C. W. Braithewait Company, this 72‑page volume is now in the public domain. CARE Typography, in its mission to digitally restore older typography, has restored some of Faust's designs for the modern type world. 75 unique alphabets for artistic lettering, including brush, air-brush, air-pencil, relief, stencil, marking, shading, and both ornate (Payzant, Soennecken) and practical “common pen” styles. They are Highly visual, serving as both an instructional guide and inspirational specimen book for sign-writers, designers, artists, and printers of the early 20th century.


As a historical reference these pen inspired drawings offer a snapshot of commercial and decorative lettering techniques before the rise of digital typography. They are still used today by lettering artists and calligraphers looking for period-authentic styles. The pen styles range from Art Nouveau (2 styles) to large poster display type to fancy pen lettering.


A note about the payzant pen. The Payzant pen is a specialized broad-edged lettering pen associated with expressive calligraphy, particularly for display and titling purposes. It's named after Canadian calligrapher, artist and educator Douglas Payzant, who popularized a unique, energetic, and highly legible script style using this tool in the mid-20th century. Payzant was known for his expressive, rhythmic lettering, developing a distinctive style that emphasized rapid execution, clarity and boldness, and a sense of liveliness. His style was especially influential in the 1960s–1980s during a resurgence in interest in expressive pen-lettering techniques. The pen techniques included flowing and natural stroke sequences, wide verticals versus narrow horizontals, legible but informal, and designed for large-scale lettering such as in sketchbooks, scrapbooks, and decorative journal pages. It was perfect for posters, title pages, and public signage due to its bold strokes and was commonly used in manual layouts, advertising mockups, and theatre/film title art.


CARE Typography has digitized some of these pen lettering samples from Faust, seeking to retain the descriptive flair and flavor of the lettering. They are available as a package or as select fonts. Contact CARE Typography at cshanktype@gmail.com for ordering and prices.



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German Typography History

By Carl Shank • August 31, 2026
German Typography History German typography has a particularly distinctive history because Germany was central to the invention of European movable-type printing, the development of Gothic/Blackletter typography, the rise of Fraktur, and later the modernist rejection of traditional German type. The story therefore moves dramatically from manuscript Gothic forms to highly ornate Fraktur, then to Bauhaus modernism and finally to contemporary digital typography. The history can be understood as a series of major transformations, as noted in ChatGPT, Gothic manuscript → Gutenberg → Schwabacher → Fraktur → Roman/Gothic duality → nineteenth-century industrial typography → Bauhaus modernism → New Typography → postwar modernism → digital pluralism. What makes German typography particularly fascinating is that the political and cultural meaning of type was unusually strong. Fraktur was not simply a letterform; over time it became associated with German language and identity, while the twentieth-century modernists deliberately sought to replace that historical visual language with an international, functional one. If you're studying European typography comparatively, German typography makes an especially useful contrast with Italian, French, Dutch, and English typography, because Germany's long attachment to Gothic type produced a very different trajectory from the Roman-type tradition that developed in Italy and subsequently dominated much of Western Europe. A number of Blogs I have written gives one an insight as to German historical typography and its central typographic characters, including typefaces and notes about Johannes Gutenberg, Marin Luther in Gothic type, Fraktur type and its extensive use in Germany, Rudolph Koch, the Bauhaus period with Herbert Bayer and Paul Renner, Futura, Jan Tschichold and Die Neue Typographie, and the influence of the Akzidenz-Grotesk font and its relationship to Helvetica, Univers, Neue Haas Grotesk, and Arial. Blogs that inform — Advance in Typography: Twentieth Century (Part 1) Type After Gutenberg: A Historical Sketch Theology of Type (2): Gutenberg to Early 1900s Early German Typography (Part 1) Early German Typography (Part 2 ) Blackletter Type & Universities About Sans-Serif Fonts Typography: A History of Machines Contemporary German Typography. Contemporary Germany has become one of Europe's major centers of type design. Important contemporary designers and foundries include Erik Spiekermann. Erik Spiekermann (born1947)( is a German art historian, typographer, designer, information architect and writer. He divides his time between Berlin, London and San Francisco. He runs Hacking Gutenberg, an experimental letterpress printing workshop in Berlin. He wrote Stop Stealing Sheep & Find Out How Type Works , a book on typography first published in 1993, revised 4th edition 2023. Spiekermann has designed numerous typefaces, both for sale and as part of corporate design programs. His typefaces include Berliner Grotesk (original is from 1913, digitization is from c. 1978), Fira Sans (designed in collaboration with Ralph du Carrois) for Firefox OS, released in 2013 under the SIL Open Font License), ITC Officina Sans and Serif fonts (1990), and FF Meta. FF Meta is especially interesting, as one of the fonts illustrated by axis-praxis for variable font use. It has 28 Instances offered through Adobe, from Condensed through Black, and a Variable font from Monotype. Spiekermann’s work emphasizes information clarity, signage, corporate identity, wayfinding, and digital typography. In German typography, wayfinding refers to the use of typography, symbols, color, spatial organization, and signs to help people navigate a physical environment. It is closely associated with Germany’s strong tradition of functionalist and systematic graphic design. Modern German typography is characterized by pluralism rather than a single national style. Contemporary designers freely use sans serifs, serif typefaces, variable fonts, neo-grotesques, geometric sans serifs, humanist sans serifs, contemporary revivals of Fraktur, experimental lettering, and digital display fonts. Fraktur remains visible in specialized contexts such as traditional breweries, historic businesses, newspapers and publications with historical associations, certificates, Blackletter music and cultural graphics, and Gothic/medieval-themed design, However, it is no longer the default German text type.

Italian Typography History (2)

By Carl Shank • August 29, 2026
Italian Typography and Futurism. One of Italy's most important contributions to twentieth-century graphic design came from Futurism. Beginning around 1909, Italian Futurists challenged conventional typography. The most important figure was Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. His Zang Tumb Tumb and related works used typography dynamically rather than simply as a vehicle for continuous reading. Zang Tumb Tumb is a sound and concrete poem appearing in journals between 1912 and 1914, when it was published as an artist’s book in Milan. It is an account of the Battle of Adrianople. The poem uses Parole in libertà (words in freedom; creative typography) and other poetic impressions of the events of the battle, including the sounds of gunfire and explosions. The work is now seen as a seminal work of modernist art, and an enormous influence on the emerging culture of European avant-garde print. (Wikipedia)
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